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Practical and clinically focused, Brain and Spine Imaging - a title in the Teaching Files Series - provides you with over 300 interesting and well-presented cases to help you better diagnose any disease of the brain and spine. Expert in the field, Dr. Girish Fatterpekar, MD uses a logical organization throughout, making referencing difficult diagnoses easier than ever before. Detailed discussions of today's modalities and technologies keep you up to date, and challenging diagnostic questions probe your knowledge of the material. This unique, case-based resource offers you an ideal way to sharpen your diagnostic skills and study for board exams. And, with Expert Consult functionality, you'll have convenient access to the full text online, all of the book's illustrations, additional cases and images, and links to PubMed at expertconsult.com. |
Author Info | |
By Girish Fatterpekar, MD, Assistant Professor Radiology, NYU Langone Medical Center, Section Neuroradiology, New York, New York |
Table of Contents:
Part 1 Brain
Section 1 Disorders of Brain Development
Subsection 1.1 Disorders of Neural Tube Closure and Diverticulation
1 Anencephaly
2 Cephalocele
3 Atretic Cephalocele
4 Holoprosencephaly
Subsection 1.2 Disorders of Corpus Callosum and Septum Pellucidum
5 Agenesis of Corpus Callosum
6 Septo-optic Dysplasia
7 Cavum Septi Pellucidi and Cavum Vergae
Subsection 1.3 Disorders of Neuronal Migration
8 Lissencephaly
9 Polymicrogyria
10 Gray Matter Heterotopia
11 Schizencephaly
Subsection 1.4 Chiari Malformation
12 Chiari I Malformation
13 Chiari II Malformation
Subsection 1.5 Disorders of the Posterior Fossa
14 Rhombencephalosynapsis
15 Joubert Malformation
16 Dandy-Walker Malformation
17 Mega Cisterna Magna
Subsection 1.6 Disorders of the Pituitary Gland
18 Pituitary Aplasia
19 Pituitary Duplication
20 Posterior Pituitary Ectopia
Subsection 1.7 Miscellaneous Disorders
21 Persistent Open Anterior Fontanelle
22 Porencephaly
23 Hydranencephaly
24 Optic Nerve Hypoplasia
Section 2 Disorders of the Perinatal Period
25 Cephalhematoma
26 Caput Succedaneum and Germinal Matrix Hemorrhage
27 Periventricular Leukomalacia
28 Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy
29 Kernicterus
30 TORCH infections
Section 3 Metabolic and Neurodegenerative Diseases of Childhood
Subsection 3.1 Gray Matter Disorders
31 Hallervorden-Spatz Disease
32 Infantile Neuroaxonal Dystrophy
Subsection 3.2 White Matter Disorders
33 Alexander’s Disease
34 Canavan Disease
35 Pelizaeus-Merzbacher Disease
Subsection 3.3 Inborn Errors of Intermediary Metabolism
36 Propionic Acidemia
37 Glutaric Aciduria Type 1
Subsection 3.4 Lysosomal Diseases
38 Fabry Disease
39 Metachromatic Leukodystrophy
40 Krabbe Disease
41 Mucopolysaccharidoses
Subsection 3.5 Mitochondrial Diseases & Peroxisomal Diseases
42 Kearns-Sayre Syndrome
43 MELAS
44 Leigh Syndrome
45 Classic X-linked Adrenoleukodystrophy
Section 4 Phakomatoses/Neurocutaneous syndromes
46 Neurofibromatosis Type 1
47 Neurofibromatosis Type 2
48 Tuberous Sclerosis
49 Sturge-Weber Syndrome
50 Von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome
51 Ataxia Telangiectasia
52 Neurocutaneous Melanosis
Section 5 Seizures
53 Mesial Temporal Sclerosis
54 Hemimegalencephaly
55 Focal Cortical Dysplasia of Taylor
56 Epileptogenic Focus
57 Status Epilepticus
Section 6 Intracranial Trauma
58 Non-accidental Trauma
59 Depressed Skull Fracture
60 Growing Skull Fracture
61 Pneumolabyrinth Secondary to Trauma
62 Epidural Hematoma
63 Subdural Hematoma
64 Contusion
65 Coup-contre-coup Injuries
66 Diffuse Axonal Injury
Section 7 Intracranial Vascular Malformations: Congenital and Acquired
Subsection 7.1 Arterial malformations
67 Carotid Agenesis
68 Persistent Trigeminal Artery
69 Familial Intracranial Aneurysm
70 Saccular Aneurysm
71 Mycotic Aneurysm
72 Dolichoectasia of Basilar Artery
73 Moya Moya Disease
74 Carotid Artery Dissection
75 Carotid Artery Stenosis
76 Fibromuscular Dysplasia
77 Subclavian Steal Phenomenon
78 Arteriovenous Malformation
79 Dural Arteriovenous Fistula
Subsection 7.2 Venous and other vascular malformations
80 Developmental Venous Anomaly
81 Cavernous Angioma
82 Cavernous Hemangioma of Septum Pellucidum
83 Familial Cavernous Angiomas
84 Capillary Telangiectasias
85 Arachnoid Granulations in Venous Sinuses
86 Venous Sinus Thrombosis
87 Cortical Vein Thrombosis
88 Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis
89 Vein of Galen Malformation
Section 8 Stroke
90 Acute Arterial Infarction
91 Chronic Arterial Infarction
92 Lacunar Infarction
93 Watershed Infarction
94 Dyke-Davidoff-Masson Syndrome
95 Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL)
96 Vasculitis
97 Bechet's Syndrome
98 Global Anoxic Injury
99 Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome
100 Venous Infarction
101 Brain Death
Section 9 Intracranial Hemorrhage
Subsection 9.1 Intraparenchymal Hemorrhage
102 Intraparenchymal Hematoma, Benign vs Malignant
103 Hemorrhagic Conversion of Infarction
104 Hypertensive Intraparenchymal Hemorrhage
105 Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy
106 Remote Cerebellar Hemorrhage
Subsection 9.2 Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
107 Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
108 Non-aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
109 Superficial Siderosis
Section 10 Hydrocephalus and Pneumocephalus
110 Medial diverticulum of Lateral Ventricle
111 Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus
112 Non-communicating Hydrocephalus
113 Shunt-related Complications
114 Tension Pneumocephalus
Section 11 Demyelinating Diseases
115 Multiple Sclerosis
116 Neuromyelitis Optica
117 Tumefactive Demyelinating Lesion
118 Susac's Syndrome
119 Marchiafava-Bignami Disease
120 Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis
121 Acute hemorrhagic encephalomyelitis
Section 12 Skull Lesions (Non-neoplastic)
122 Craniosynostosis
123 Bilateral Parietal Thinning
Section 13 Intracranial Tumors
Subsection 13.1 Tumors (and Tumor-Like Lesions) of the Scalp, Skull and Cranial nerves
124 Scalp Metastasis
125 Fibrous Dysplasia
126 Paget's Disease
127 Osteoma
128 Calvarial Hemangioma
129 Intradiploic Epidermoid
130 Ecchordosis Physaliphora
131 Clival Chordoma
132 Chondrosarcoma
133 Neuroblastoma Metastasis
134 Intraosseous Meningioma
135 Calvarial Metastasis
136 Schwannoma
137 Facial Nerve Hemangioma
138 Perineural Spread of Tumor
Subsection 13.2 Tumors (and Tumor-like Lesions) of the meninges
139 Intracranial Meningioma
140 Intracranial Lipoma
141 Hemangiopericytoma
142 Meningeal (Dura and Leptomeningeal) Metastasis
143 Hypertrophic Pachymeningitis
Subsection 13.3 Lymphoma and Germ Cell Tumors
144 Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma
145 AIDS-Related Lymphoma
146 Secondary Central Nervous System Lymphoma
147 Intravascular Lymphoma
148 Post-transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder
149 Granulocytic Sarcoma
150 Germinoma
151 Teratoma
Subsection 13.4 Tumors (and Tumor-like Lesions) of the Sella and Suprasellar compartment
152 Pituitary Microadenoma
153 Diabetes Insipidus
154 Pituitary Macroadenoma
155 Pituitary Apoplexy
156 Pituitary Carcinoma
157 Rathke Cleft Cyst
158 Sella Miscellaneous: Sheehan's syndrome
159 Craniopharyngioma
160 Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis of Pituitary Stalk
161 Lymphocytic Hypophysitis
162 Hypothalamic Hamartoma
163 Optic Chiasmatic-Hypothalamic Glioma
Subsection 13.5 Tumors (and Tumor-like Lesions) of the Pineal Gland
164 Pineal Cyst
165 Pineocytoma
166 Pineoblastoma
167 Papillary Tumor of the Pineal Region
168 Hemochromatosis
Subsection 13.6 Tumors of Neuroepithelial Tissue
Sub-subsection 13.6.1 Astrocytic Tumors
169 Pilocytic Astrocytoma
170 Juvenile Pilocytic Astrocytoma
171 Pilomyxoid Astrocytoma
172 Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytoma
173 Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma
174 Diffuse Astrocytoma
175 Anaplastic Astrocytoma
176 Brainstem Glioma
177 Glioblastoma
178 Butterfly Glioma
179 Multifocal Glioma
180 Gliosarcoma
181 Gliomatosis Cerebri
Sub-subsection 13.6.2 Oligodendroglial and Oligoastrocytic Tumors
182 Oligodendroglioma
183 Anaplastic Oligodendroglioma
184 Oligoastrocytoma
Sub-subsection 13.6.3 Ependymal Tumors
185 Subependymoma
186 Infratentorial Ependymoma
187 Cerebral Ependymoma
188 Anaplastic Ependymoma
Sub-subsection 13.6.4 Choroid Plexus Tumors and Other neuroepithelial Tumors
189 Xanthogranuloma of Choroid Plexus
190 Choroid Plexus Papilloma
191 Choroid Plexus Carcinoma
192 Chordoid Glioma
Sub-subsection 13.6.5 Neuronal and mixed neuronal-glial Tumors
193 Lhermitte-Duclos Disease
194 Desmoplastic Infantile Ganglioglioma
195 Dysembryoplastic Neuroepithelial Tumor
196 Ganglioglioma
197 Central Neurocytoma
Sub-subsection 13.6.6 Embryonal Tumors
198 Medulloblastoma
199 Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor
200 Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor
Sub-subsection 13.6.7 Treatment-Related Changes of Tumors
201 Radiation Necrosis
202 Pseudoprogression
Subsection 13.7 Cysts and Tumor-like conditions
203 Intracranial Epidermoid Cyst
204 Intracranial Dermoid Cyst
205 Colloid Cyst
206 Choroid Plexus Cyst
207 Choroid Fissure Cyst
208 Arachnoid Cyst
209 Neuroglial Cyst
Section 14 Intracranial Infections
Subsection 14.1 Prion diseases and Viral Infections
210 Prion Disease
211 Herpes Encephalitis
212 West Nile Encephalitis
213 Rasmussen's Encephalitis
214 Cerebellitis
Subsection 14.2 HIV and HIV-related Infections
215 HIV Encephalitis
216 Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy
217 Cryptococcosis
218 Toxoplasmosis
219 Immune Reconstitution Syndrome
Subsection 14.3 Bacterial Infections
220 Lyme Disease
221 Subdural Empyema
222 Pyogenic Abscess
223 Pyocephalus
224 Listeria Encephalitis
225 Mycobacterial Infection
226 Neurosarcoidosis
Subsection 14.4 Parasitic and Fungal Infections
227 Cerebral Malaria
228 Parenchymal Cysticercosis
229 Racemose Cysticercosis
230 Hydatid Disease
231 Aspergillus Abscess
Section 15 Nutritional Deficiencies and Toxins Affecting the Central Nervous System
232 Wernicke's Encephalopathy
233 Osmotic Demyelination Syndrome
234 Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
235 Metronidazole (Flagyl)-Induced Neurotoxicity
236 Hypoglycemia
237 Hyperammonemic Encephalopathy
238 Phenytoin Toxicity
239 Heroin Leukoencephalopathy
Section 16 Aging, Dementia and Movement-Associated Disorders
240 Normal Aging
241 Paraneoplastic Limbic Encephalitis
242 Wilson’s Disease
243 Acquired Hepatocerebral Syndrome
244 Alzheimer's Disease
245 Fronto-Temporal Lobar Dementia
246 Huntington’s Disease
247 Progressive Supranuclear Palsy
248 Multiple System Atrophy-Parkinsonism
249 Multiple System Atrophy-Cerebellum
250 Vascular Dementia
251 Motor Neuron Disease (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis)
252 Mild Cognitive Impairment
253 Hypertrophic Olivary Degeneration
Section 17 Miscellaneous: Brain
254 Fahr's Disease
255 Trigeminal Neuralgia
256 Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension
257 Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome
258 Gradenigo's Syndrome
259 Ramsay-Hunt Syndrome
260 Meniere's Disease
261 Papilledema: Drusen
262 Acute Denervation Change
Part 2 Spine and Spinal Cord
Section 1 Disorders of Spine Development
Subsection 1.1 Disorders of Primary Neurulation
263 Myelomeningocele
264 Lipomyelomeningocele
265 Lipoma, Intradural Spinal
266 Dorsal Dermal Sinus
267 Dermoid Cyst
Subsection 1.2 Disorders of Secondary Neurulation (Deranged canalization and retrogressive differentiation)
268 Tight Filum Terminale with Spinal Lipoma (Tethered Cord)
269 Lipoma of Filum Terminale
270 Sacrococcygeal Teratoma
271 Terminal Ventricle
272 Terminal Myelocystocele
273 Caudal Regression Syndrome
274 Currarino Syndrome
275 Lateral Meningocele
Subsection 1.3 Disorders (Embryogenic) of the Notochord and Vertebrae
276 Neurenteric Cyst
277 Diastematomyelia
Section 2 Spine Trauma
Subsection 2.1 Fractures and Dislocations
278 Atlanto-occipital Dislocation
279 Jefferson C1 Fracture
280 Hangman's Fracture
281 Dens Fracture
282 Unilateral Facet Dislocation
283 Bilateral Facet Dislocation
284 Flexion Teardrop Fracture
285 Hyperextension Teardrop Fracture
286 Clay Shoveler's Fracture
287 Chance Fracture
288 Burst Fracture
289 Sacral Insufficiency Fracture
Subsection 2.2 Soft Tissue Injury: Ligaments, Cord and Vessels
290 Repetitive Stress Injury
291 Hyperextension Dislocation
292 Central Spinal Cord Syndrome
293 Brachial Plexus Traction Injury, or Avulsion Pseudomeningocele
Section 3 Spinal Vascular Malformations: Congenital and Acquired
294 Spinal Dural Arteriovenous Fistula
295 Spinal Cord Arteriovenous Malformation
296 Cavernous Malformation
297 Epidural Hematoma
298 Subdural Hematoma
299 Spinal Cord Infarction
300 Cord Myelomalacia
Section 4 Spinal Tumors
Subsection 4.1 Extradural Tumors
301 Hemangioma
302 Osteoid Osteoma
303 Osteoblastoma
304 Aneurysmal Bone Cyst
305 Chondrosarcoma
306 Chordoma
307 Neuroblastoma
308 Ganglioneuroblastoma
309 Ewing's Sarcoma
310 Leukemia
311 Plasmacytoma
312 Multiple Myeloma
313 Metastases
314 Myelodysplastic Syndrome
Subsection 4.2 Intradural Extramedullary Tumors
315 Meningioma
316 Plexiform Neurofibroma
317 Sarcomatous Degeneration of Neurofibroma
318 Dropped Metastases
Subsection 4.3 Intramedullary Tumors
319 Spinal Cord Astrocytoma
320 Cellular Ependymoma of Spinal Cord
321 Myxopapillary Ependymoma of Spinal Cord
322 Spinal Cord Hemangioblastoma
323 Paraganglioma
324 Melanocytoma
Subsection 4.4 Cysts and Tumor-like conditions
325 Arachnoid Cyst
326 Acquired Epidermoid Tumor
327 Syringohydromyelia
328 Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis
329 Kummel’s Disease (Avascular Necrosis of the Vertebral Body)
Section 5 Spinal Infections
330 Diskitis and Osteomyelitis
331 Grisel's Syndrome
332 Granulomatous (Tuberculous) Osteomyelitis
333 Septic Facet Arthropathy
334 Epidural Abscess
335 Psoas Abscess
336 Acute Transverse Myelitis
337 Herpes Zoster Myelitis
338 Guillain-Barré Syndrome
339 Arachnoiditis
340 Cysticercosis
341 Sarcoidosis
Section 6 Nutritional Deficiencies and Toxins Affecting the Spinal Cord
342 Subacute Combined Degeneration
343 Radiation Myelopathy
Section 7 Aging, Degenerative Changes, and Inflammatory Arthritides Involving the Spine
344 Osteoporosis
345 Steroid-induced Changes
346 Degenerative Disk Disease
347 Spontaneous Regression of Disk Herniation
348 Discogram and its Role in evaluation of Degenerative Disk Disease
349 Scar versus Recurrent Disk
350 Baastrup’s Disease
351 Synovial Cyst
352 Rheumatoid Arthritis
353 Ankylosing Spondylitis
Section 8 Post-Treatment Complications
354 Failed-Back Surgery Syndrome
355 Instrumentation-placement Complications
356 Instrumentation Failure
357 Pseudomeningocele
358 Vertebroplasty/Kyphoplasty Complications
Section 9 Miscellaneous: Spine
359 Basilar Invagination
360 Prevertebral Tenditis
361 Idiopathic Cord Herniation
362 Dural Ectasia
363 Neurofibromatosis Type 1
364 Neurofibromatosis Type 2
365 Marfan Syndrome
366 Scoliosis
367 Conjoined Nerve Roots
368 Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy
369 Limbus Vertebra
370 Spondylolysis and Spondylolisthesis
371 Scheuermann Disease
372 Ochronosis
373 Achondroplasia
374 Mucopolysaccharidoses
375 Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis
376 Charcot (Neuropathic) Arthropathy of the Spine
377 Epidural Lipomatosis
378 OPLL
379 Paget's Disease
380 Renal Osteodystrophy
381 Extramedullary Hematopoiesis
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