Contents
Part I Imaging and Physiology in Reconstructive Surgery
1 The Role of Conventional Radiology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Johann Pfeifer
2 Defecography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Vittorio Luigi Piloni, Corrado R. Asteria, and Sergio Bellarosa
3 Endoluminal (Including Three-Dimensional) Endosonography . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Martyn D. Evans and John Beynon
4 Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Anorectal Diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Sanne M.E. Engelen, Geerard L. Beets, and Regina G.H. Beets-Tan
5 Endoscopic Evaluation in Colorectal Reoperation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Kok Sun Ho and Francis Seow-Choen
6 Manometry, Rectoanal Inhibition and Compliance Assessment in
Proctologic Practice: Approaches in the Reoperative Case . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Luigi Brusciano, C. Di Stazio, F. Lucido, and A. Del Genio
7 Vector Volume Manometry and Neurophysiologic Assessment
in the Reoperative Case: Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Andrew P. Zbar
Part II Decision-Making in Rectal and Anal Reconstruction
8 Surgical Aspects of Rectal Reconstruction: Alternatives
for Ultralow Anastomosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Mary R. Kwaan and Robert D. Madoff
9 Neorectal Reservoirs and Their Revision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Olof Hallböök
10 Reconstructing the Irradiated Rectum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Vikram Reddy and Walter E. Longo
11 Resection of Recurrent Rectal Cancer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Michael John Solomon, Peter Jun Myung Lee, and Kirk Austin
12 Exenterative Surgery and Reconstruction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Patrick S. Sullivan and Eric J. Dozois
13 Reoperative Surgery After a Primary Laparoscopic Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
Mariano Laporte and Nicolás A. Rotholtz
14 Troubleshooting the Difficult Laparoscopic Case . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
Joshua R. Karas and Roberto Bergamaschi
15 Considerations in the Robotic Case . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Hester Y.S. Cheung, Cliff C.C. Chung, and Michael K.W. Li
16 Total Anal Reconstruction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
J. Manuel Devesa, Javier Die, and Rosana Vicente
17 Medical Management of Anal Intraepithelial Neoplasia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
Joel Palefsky
18 Salvage Surgery of Recurrent Anal Cancer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
James Hill and Malcolm Wilson
Part III Reoperative Strategies in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
19 Dysplasia in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
Emil N. Salmo and Najib Y. Haboubi
20 Surgical Considerations in Reoperative Pouch Anal Anastomosis . . . . . . . . . . 225
Feza H. Remzi and Hasan T. Kirat
21 Reoperative Surgery in Colonic Crohn’s Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237
Hagit Tulchinsky and Micha Rabau
22 Managing Perianal Crohn’s Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
Dana R. Sands
Part IV Reoperative Surgery for Functional Constipation and Obstructed Defecation
23 Surgery for the Failed Ileorectal or Caecorectal Anastomosis
in Chronic Constipation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
Urban Karlbom and Lars Påhlman
24 The Malone Procedure and Its Variants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273
Peter Christensen and Søren Laurberg
25 Managing the Megarectum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283
Marc A. Gladman and Norman S. Williams
26 Failed Rectocele Repair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297
Donato F. Altomare, Giovanni Milito, Federica Cadeddu, and Filippo Pucciani
27 Troubleshooting the Starr Procedure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305
Mario Pescatori
28 Rectocele and Rectoenterocele: The Gynecologist’s Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315
Hans Peter Dietz
Part V Reoperation in Fecal Incontinence
29 Repeat Sphincteroplasty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329
Brooke H. Gurland and Massarat Zutshi
30 Failed Dynamic Graciloplasty. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337
Cornelius G.M.I. Baeten and Stephanie O. Breukink
31 Troubleshooting Problems After Artificial Anal Sphincter Implantation . . . . 341
Valérie Bridoux, Francis Michot, and Anne-Marie Leroi
32 Surgical Alternatives in Anal Sphincter Reconstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349
David A. Etzioni and Michael J. Stamos
33 Approaches to Internal Anal Sphincter Augmentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355
Fernando de la Portilla
34 Autologous Neosphincters and Novel Technologies
for Fecal Continence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 367
Ali A. Shafik
35 The Problematic Sacral Neuromodulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 373
Klaus E. Matzel and Yasuko Maeda
Part VI Techniques in Anal and Perineal Reconstructive Surgery
36 Reoperation in Recurrent Complex Anal Fistula . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381
David D.E. Zimmerman, Litza Mitalas, and W. Rudolph Schouten
37 Managing Adult Anterior Anus and Anovestibular Fistula . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399
F. Sergio P. Regadas, Rosilma Gorete Lima Barreto,
and Sthela Maria Murad-Regadas
38 Reoperative Surgery for Rectovaginal Fistula . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405
Oded Zmora and Nir Wasserberg
39 Management of Rectourethral Fistula . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 419
Mandeep S. Saund and Ronald Bleday
40 Tailoring Therapy for Recurrent Anal Fissure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 431
Jonathan N. Lund
41 Anal Canal Resurfacing in Anal Stenosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 437
Jennifer Blumetti and Herand Abcarian
42 Perineal Resurfacing and Reconstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 447
William Samson, Mitchell Bernstein, and Jamie Schwartz
Part VII Revisional Stoma Surgery
43 Stomal Revision, Re-Siting, and Closure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 457
C. Neal Ellis and Jack W. Rostas III
44 Managing Parastomal Hernia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 471
Edward C. Borrazzo and Neil Hyman
45 Problems During Hartmann’s Reconstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477
Zoran Krivokapić and Goran I. Barišić
46 Reoperative Surgery for the Complicated Pediatric Stoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 487
Andrea Bischoff, Marc A. Levitt, and Alberto Peña
Part VIII Special Topics in Reoperative Coloproctology
47 Anesthetic Considerations in Reoperative Colorectal
and Anal Surgery: The Role of an Enhanced Recovery Program. . . . . . . . . . . 495
Timothy A. Rockall, Bruce F. Levy, and M.J.P. Scott
48 Reoperation in Complicated Diverticular Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 503
Patricia L. Roberts
49 Surgical Considerations in Anastomotic Dehiscence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 511
Yair Edden and Eric G. Weiss
50 Retrorectal Tumors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 517
Ursula M. Szmulowicz and Tracy L. Hull
51 Approaches to Failed Rectal Prolapse Surgery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 551
David J. Maron and Juan J. Nogueras
52 Managing Recurrent Pilonidal Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 559
Asha Senapati
53 Surgical Considerations in Colorectal Endometriosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 569
Adam Janusz Dziki, Łukasz Adam Dziki, and Przemysław Galbfach
54 Medicolegal Aspects of Reoperative Colorectal and Anal Surgery. . . . . . . . . . 579
David C.C. Bartolo
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 591