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This open access book, published by Springer under the Open Access CC BY 4.0 Licence in collaboration with the International Fluid Academy (IFA, www.fluidacademy.org), explores rationalized intravenous fluid therapy for critically ill patients. Despite being commonly prescribed in inpatient settings, intravenous fluids are often administered without evidence-based guidelines, neglecting essential considerations such as the fact they are drugs, that need proper dosing, duration, indications, contraindications, side effects, and de-escalation. This book fills this knowledge gap.
Each chapter starts with a clinical vignette and a related question, followed by a concise summary abstract, key learning points, main text, and a conclusion that addresses the clinical question and provides relevant take-home messages. Additionally, every chapter includes an IFA commentary referencing the latest literature and evidence. The book begins with an introductory chapter that provides definitions and terminology, followed by four sections.
The first section covers the fundamentals of intravenous fluid therapy, including fluid compartments in sick patients, fluid bolus dynamics, heart-lung interactions, fluid challenge, fluid responsiveness, arterial blood gas analysis based on traditional and Stewart concepts, and electrolyte physiology relevant to clinical issues. The second section discusses commercially available intravenous fluids, while the third section focuses on fluid therapy in specific clinical situations. The final section introduces the concepts of fluid stewardship and appropriate fluid prescription.
Aligned with the International Fluid Academy's mission to enhance education and promote research on fluid management and monitoring, ultimately improving patient survival rates, this book contributes significantly to establishing fluid stewardship at the bedside. It provides valuable support for physicians, nurses, pharmacists, and other healthcare professionals across various clinical disciplines working in emergency rooms, operating rooms, or intensive care units, aiding their everyday clinical practice.
Pages i-xxi
Front Matter
Pages 1-1
Terms and Definitions of Fluid Therapy
Pages 3-46Open Access
Pages 47-74Open Access
Fluid Physiology Part 2: Regulation of Body Fluids and the Distribution of Infusion Fluids
Pages 75-96Open Access
Fluid Dynamics During Resuscitation: From Frank–Starling to the Reappraisal of Guyton
Pages 97-111Open Access
Understanding Heart-Lung Interactions: Concepts of Fluid Responsiveness
Pages 113-138Open Access
Acid-Base Homeostasis: Traditional Approach
Pages 139-152Open Access
Acid Base Homeostasis: Stewart Approach at the Bedside
Pages 153-165Open Access
Pages 167-202Open Access
Front Matter
Pages 203-203
Pages 205-226Open Access
The Case for Albumin as Volume Expander and beyond
Pages 227-242Open Access
The Place for Starches and Other Colloids
Pages 243-257Open Access
How to Use Blood and Blood Products
Pages 259-274Open Access
Nutrition Delivery in Critically Ill Patients
Pages 275-292Open Access
Front Matter
Pages 293-293
Fluid Management in Septic Shock
Pages 295-314Open Access
Fluid Management in Cardiogenic Shock
Pages 315-328Open Access
Pages 329-343Open Access
Fluid Management in Neurocritical Care
Pages 345-361Open Access
Perioperative Fluid Manangement
Pages 363-378Open Access
Fluid Management in Major Burns
Pages 379-393Open Access
Fluid Management in Paediatric Patients
Pages 395-410Open Access
Fluid Management in Liver Failure
Pages 411-425Open Access
Fluid Management in Intra-abdominal Hypertension
Pages 427-457Open Access
Sodium and Chloride Balance in Critically Ill Patients
Pages 459-480Open Access
Balanced Solutions: Choice of Buffer
Pages 481-493Open Access
Fluid Accumulation and Deresuscitation
Pages 495-526Open Access
Pages 527-541Open Access
Front Matter
Pages 543-543
Introduction to Fluid Stewardship
Pages 545-565Open Access
A Logical Prescription of Intravenous Fluids
Pages 567-595Open Access
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