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Pediatric Critical Care Study Guide; Text and Review is an invaluable resource for pediatric critical care medicine (PCCM) practitioners. Allowing for concise reading on specific topics this book acts as both text and study guide with the advanced physiology and pathophysiology required for the higher level PCCM practitioner.
This Text and Review is physiologically based covering major pediatric critical care principles and specific disease entities commonly encountered by the PCCM practitioner. Pathophysiologic aspects unique to the pediatric patient are emphasized.
The high number of illustrations and detailed coverage of each topic allow the reader to gain an insight into the normal physiology, abnormalities in the disease process, treatment strategies and case-orientated questions that will reinforce important ideas learned in the chapter.
IX
Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . V
Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VII
Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . XIII
1 Fundamentals of Gas Exchange and the Assessment of Oxygenation
and Ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
JOHN S. SULLIVAN AND TOAH A. NKROMAH
2 Oxygen Delivery and Oxygen Consumption in Pediatric Critical Care . . . . . . . . 19
JUAN A. GUTIERREZ AND ANDREAS A. THEODOROU
3 Hemodynamics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
SCOTT A. HAGEN AND TIMOTHY E. CORDEN
4 Regional Circulations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
DEMETRIS YANNOPOULOS AND VINAY M. NADKARNI
5 Assessment of Cardiovascular Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
FRANK A. MAFFEI
6 Overview, Structure and Function of the Nephron. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
MEGAN RASHID AND GEORGE J. SCHWARTZ
7 Physiology of Skeletal Muscle and the Neuromuscular Junction . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
ELLEN D. IANNOLI AND MICHAEL P. EATON
8 Assessment of Neurologic Function. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
ELIZABETH E. SCARLETT, BRANDI N. PEACHEY, AND JILL M. GOTOFF
9 Endothelial Interactions and Coagulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202
TRUNG C. NGUYEN AND JOSEPH A. CARCILLO
10 The Infl ammatory Response. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
MARK W. HALL
11 Genetic Predisposition to Critical Illness in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit . . . 242
NEAL J. THOMAS, MARY K. DAHMER, AND MICHAEL W. QUASNEY
12 Conventional Mechanical Ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262
JOSEPH D. TOBIAS
Contents
X CONTENTS
13 Non-conventional Mechanical Ventilation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285
MICHAEL D. DETTORRE
14 Mechanical and Electrical Myocardial Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299
SABRINA S.L. TSAO, KENDRA M. WARD, AND DENISE M. GOODMAN
15 Renal Replacement Therapies and Other Extracorporeal Therapies . . . . . . . . . . . 322
ANDREW L. SCHWADERER AND MARC B. LANDE
16 Pharmacology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334
GRETCHEN L. BRUMMEL AND STEVEN E. LUCKING
17 Cardiovascular Drug Therapy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352
FRANK A. MAFFEI
18 Sedation and Analgesia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 382
RICHARD L. LAMBERT, LELA W. BRINK, AND FRANK A. MAFFEI
19 Neuromuscular Blockade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 406
MICHAEL P. EATON AND A. MARIKA STONE
20 Use of Blood Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427
JILL M. CHOLETTE AND NORMA B. LERNER
21 Nutrition in Critical Illness. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 451
MARGARET A. SATCHELL
22 Upper Airway Obstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 463
STEVEN E. LUCKING
23 Severe Asthma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 480
NEAL J. THOMAS AND FRANK A. MAFFEI
24 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 499
FRANK A. MAFFEI AND NEAL J. THOMAS
25 Acute Pulmonary Infections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 514
KAREN S. POWERS
26 Circulatory Failure/Shock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 535
HECTOR R. WONG
27 Sepsis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 552
ANGELA LORTS, TIMOTHY T. CORNELL, AND THOMAS P. SHANLEY
28 Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 571
NIKOLETA S. KOLOVOS AND BARRY P. MARKOVITZ
29 Disorders of Cardiac Rhythm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 583
WILLIAM G. HARMON
30 Post-operative Cardiac Care. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 607
SURENDER RAJASEKARAN AND JOHN C. RING
CONTENTS XI
31 Cerebral Resuscitation and Traumatic Brain Injury. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 643
ERICKA L. FINK, PATRICK M. KOCHANEK, AND ROBERT S.B. CLARK
32 Neurological Diseases in Pediatric Critical Care Medicine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 668
MICHAEL J. BELL AND ADITI SHARANGPANI
33 The Approach to the Critically Ill Infant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 690
FRANK A. MAFFEI
34 Nosocomial Infections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 713
ELISE W. VAN DER JAGT
35 Fluid/Electrolyte/Acid–Base Abnormalities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 734
MICHAEL L. MORITZ
36 Acute Kidney Injury. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 765
WILLIAM S. VARADE AND ELIF ERKAN
37 Acute Liver Injury and Failure in Children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 784
RICHARD L. LAMBERT
38 Hematology and Oncology in Critical Illness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 801
LEONARDO R. BRANDÃO, SCOTT C. HOWARD, KENNETH W. GOW,
SURENDER RAJASEKARAN, AND ROBERT F. TAMBURRO
39 Critical Care Endocrinology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 851
KECHA A. LYNSHUE AND MARK A. SPERLING
40 Metabolic Crises. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 870
PAUL J. BELLINO
41 Trauma/Burn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 896
ROBERT E. CILLEY AND ERIC H. BRADBURN
42 Toxicology for the Pediatric Intensivist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 912
L. EUGENE DAUGHERTY AND FRANK A. MAFFEI
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 933
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