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This comprehensively updated second edition features major revisions, 24 new chapters and more than 40 new authors, reflecting both the advances and key challenges within the field. Offering a systematic guide to the management of children and adults with severe traumatic brain injury throughout the entire chain of care, it includes evidence-based recommendations for each diagnostic and therapeutic measure, together with tips, tricks and pitfalls. The authors are all highly experienced clinicians and researchers who work with neurotrauma patients on a daily basis, and the editors represent the Scandinavian Neurotrauma Committee.
The book helps professionals provide more systematic and higher-quality care in prehospital settings, primary hospitals, neurosurgical departments, neurointensive care units, and rehabilitation facilities. It is intended for all healthcare personnel involved in the multidisciplinary management of patients with head injuries, especially those in emergency care, neurosurgery, anesthesiology, radiology, and rehabilitation.
Epidemiological Aspects
Pages 3-7
Majdan, Marek (et al.)
Challenges in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Pages 9-13
Laeke, Tsegazeab (et al.)
Challenges in the Elderly
Pages 15-19
Luoto, Teemu (et al.)
Challenges in Children
Pages 21-24
Calcagnile, Olga (et al.)
Biomechanics and Prevention
Pages 25-32
Kleiven, Svein
Pathophysiology of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury
Pages 35-50
Marklund, Niklas (et al.)
Classification of Head Injury
Pages 51-59
Primary Clinical Assessment
Pages 61-65
Springborg, Jacob Bertram
Prehospital Guidelines
Pages 69-75
Takala, Riikka
What the Neurosurgeon and the Trauma Team Want to Know: What, Who, When, and Where?
Pages 77-81
Gilbert, Mads (et al.)
Transportation
Pages 83-88
Olivecrona, Magnus (et al.)
The Trauma Team Concept
Pages 91-93
Rosenlund, Christina (et al.)
Trauma Protocol (ABCDE)
Pages 95-99
Rosenlund, Christina (et al.)
Hospital Response to Mass Casualty Incidents
Pages 101-103
Næss, Pål Aksel (et al.)
Cervical Spine Injury
Pages 105-107
Brommeland, Tor (et al.)
Blast-Induced Brain Injury
Pages 109-113
Marklund, Niklas
Radiological Evaluation of Head Trauma
Pages 115-122
Rahbek, Christian (et al.)
Radiological Evaluation of Cervical Spine Trauma
Pages 123-127
Rahbek, Christian (et al.)
Blood Samples
Pages 129-133
Bellander, Bo-Michael (et al.)
To Treat or Not to Treat in the Acute Setting (Withholding) and Withdrawal of Treatment
Pages 135-144
Olivecrona, Magnus
Potential Organ Donor: Organ Donor Management
Pages 145-151
Löwhagen Hendén, Pia
Ethical Aspects and Communication
Pages 153-155
Rosenlund, Christina
Basic Trauma Craniotomy
Pages 159-161
Sundstrøm, Terje (et al.)
Surgical Management of Traumatic Intracranial Haematomas
Pages 163-172
Sundstrøm, Terje (et al.)
Surgical Management of Penetrating Brain Injuries
Pages 173-175
Sundstrøm, Terje (et al.)
Decompressive Craniectomy
Pages 177-185
Posti, Jussi P. (et al.)
Skull Fractures
Pages 187-190
Rønning, Pål André (et al.)
Vessel Injuries
Pages 191-194
Rønning, Pål André (et al.)
Insertion of Intracranial Monitoring Devices
Pages 195-202
Olivecrona, Zandra (et al.)
Maxillofacial Fractures
Pages 203-205
Hermansson, Ann
Considerations in Patients with Concomitant Cervical Spine Injury
Pages 207-209
Brommeland, Tor (et al.)
Soft Tissue Injuries
Pages 211-217
Isacson, Daniel (et al.)
Surgery Outside Neurosurgical Units
Pages 219-223
Enblad, Per
Planning of Cranial and Extracranial Surgery in Multitraumatised Patients
Pages 225-229
Chaudhry, Aqeel (et al.)
Choice of Anaesthesia, Drugs and Medications
Pages 233-238
Langfrits, Christian Sigvald (et al.)
Blood Pressure, CO2, and Oxygen Saturation
Pages 239-243
Friesgaard, Kristian Dahl (et al.)
Intracranial Pressure Reduction
Pages 245-251
Dahl, Bent Lob (et al.)
Secondary Clinical Assessment
Pages 255-258
Springborg, Jacob Bertram (et al.)
A Wake-Up Test in the Neurointensive Care Management of Severe TBI: Pros and Cons
Pages 259-265
Marklund, Niklas
Intracranial Pressure (ICP): Theoretical and Practical Aspects
Pages 267-277
Reinstrup, Peter
Brain Tissue Oxygen Monitoring
Pages 279-282
Nielsen, Troels Halfeld (et al.)
Monitoring Microdialysis
Pages 283-289
Reinstrup, Peter (et al.)
Jugular Bulb Measurements (SJVO2)
Pages 291-296
Bellander, Bo-Michael (et al.)
Cerebral Blood Flow (CBF) and Cerebral Metabolic Rate (CMR)
Pages 297-307
Reinstrup, Peter (et al.)
Transcranial Doppler (TCD)
Pages 309-318
Reinstrup, Peter (et al.)
Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) or Cerebral Oximetry
Pages 319-322
Reinstrup, Peter
Clinical Neurophysiology: Evoked Potentials
Pages 323-326
Johnsen, Birger
Clinical Neurophysiology: Continuous EEG Monitoring
Pages 327-329
Johnsen, Birger
Imaging of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury in the Neurointensive Care Unit
Pages 331-342
Sørensen, Leif Hovgaard (et al.)
Serum Protein Biomarkers in the Management of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury
Pages 343-355
Thelin, Eric Peter (et al.)
Cardiopulmonary Aspects
Pages 357-376
Welling, Karen-Lise Kobberø (et al.)
Renal Aspects
Pages 377-379
Kølsen-Petersen, Jens Aage
Neuroendocrine Aspects
Pages 381-391
Klose, Marianne (et al.)
Guidelines for Treatment of Patients with Severe Traumatic Brain Injury
Pages 395-401
Grände, Per-Olof (et al.)
The Lund Therapy: A Physiological Approach
Pages 403-408
Grände, Per-Olof (et al.)
Pharmacological Neuroprotection
Pages 409-419
Marklund, Niklas
Subacute Surgery in Neurointensive Care
Pages 421-424
Sundstrøm, Terje (et al.)
Management of Extracranial Injuries
Pages 425-428
CSF Drainage
Pages 429-432
Koskinen, Lars-Owe D.
Hyperventilation
Pages 433-436
Juul, Niels
Osmotherapy
Pages 437-447
Kølsen-Petersen, Jens Aage
Barbiturates for ICP Management
Pages 449-452
Rasmussen, Mads
Management of Fluids and Electrolytes
Pages 453-460
Grände, Per-Olof (et al.)
Sedation: Including Pain Treatment and Withdrawal Symptoms
Pages 461-465
Dahle, Geir Olav
Nutrition
Pages 467-472
Guttormsen, Anne Berit (et al.)
Management of CNS-Related Infection
Pages 473-483
Helland, Christian A. (et al.)
Management of Extracranial Infections
Pages 485-491
Berdal, Jan-Erik
Temperature Management
Pages 493-496
Grände, Per-Olof (et al.)
Seizures
Pages 497-501
Ronne-Engström, Elisabeth (et al.)
Paroxysmal Sympathetic Hyperactivity
Pages 503-507
Rosenlund, Christina
Prophylaxis Against Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
Pages 509-514
Schott, Ulf (et al.)
Coagulopathy (Bleeding Tendency)
Pages 515-531
Bellander, Bo-Michael (et al.)
Corticosteroids
Pages 533-535
Riis, Jens Jakob
Management of Acute Psychiatric Problems
Pages 537-543
Vaaler, Arne Einar
Rehabilitation After Severe TBI
Pages 547-556
Andelic, Nada (et al.)
Long-Term Follow-Up
Pages 557-561
Tenovuo, Olli (et al.)
General Overview
Pages 565-567
Vikane, Eirik (et al.)
Somatic Consequences
Pages 569-573
Ljungqvist, Johan
Neuropsychiatric Consequences
Pages 575-579
Koponen, Salla
Neuropsychological Perspectives
Pages 581-590
Bartfai, Aniko (et al.)
Neurosurgical Challenges
Pages 591-604
Posti, Jussi P.
Minimally Conscious and Vegetative State
Pages 605-612
Godbolt, Alison K.
Specific Paediatric Concerns
Pages 613-621
Calcagnile, Olga (et al.)
Socioeconomic Consequences
Pages 623-627
Tenovuo, Olli (et al.)
Subacute MR Imaging: Traumatic Axonal Injury, Brainstem Lesions and Prognostic Factors
Pages 629-635
Skandsen, Toril (et al.)
Neurodegeneration and Dementia following Traumatic Brain Injury
Pages 637-643
Marklund, Niklas
Neurointensive Care Unit as a Platform for Advanced Clinical Research
Pages 647-658
Enblad, Per (et al.)
Current State of the Art in Neurotrauma Research
Pages 659-683
Maas, Andrew I. R. (et al.)
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