Contents
1. Hematopoiesis and Hematology Testing..................................... 1
 Hematopoiesis and Blood Cells 2
 Hematology Testing 8
2. Disorders of Red Blood Cells ..................................................... 13
 Anemia 28
 Hypochromic, Microcytic Anemia 29
 Megaloblastic Anemias 33
 Aplastic Anemia and Hypoplastic Anemia 34
 Pure Red Blood Cell Aplasia 37
 Anemia Related to Hemolysis 38
 Anemia Associated with Hemoglobinopathies 43
 Other Anemia-related Syndromes 51
3. Disorders of Platelets and Coagulation Factors ..................... 57
 Coagulation Factors 58
 Coagulation Tests 59
 Natural Inhibitors of Coagulation 61
 Fibrinolytic System 62
 Inherited Coagulation Disorders 63
 Acquired Coagulation Disorders 65
 Platelets and von Willebrand Factor 68
 Hereditary Thrombotic Disorders and Anticoagulant
Therapy Monitoring 72
4. Disorders of Nonneoplastic White Blood Cells ....................... 75
 Neutrophil Disorders 76
5. Normal Lymph Node, Thymus and Lymphoid
Hyperplasia .................................................................................... 91
 Normal Lymph Node—Function and Structure 92
 Normal Thymus—Function and Structure 93
 Predominant Patterns and Etiology of Reactive
Lymph Node Hyperplasia 93
 Highlighted Topics 95
6. Spleen ............................................................................................ 107
 Normal Spleen Function and Structure 108
 Splenic Lymphomas 109
7. Myelodysplastic Syndromes ...................................................... 117
 Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) 118
 Myelodysplastic/Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (MDS/MPN) 120
 Myeloproliferative Neoplasms 124
8. Acute Myeloid Leukemia .......................................................... 143
 WHO Classification and Prognosis 144
 AML with Recurrent Genetic Abnormalities 147
 AML with Myelodysplasia Related Changes 151
 Therapy-related Myeloid Neoplasms
(t-AML, t-MDS, t-MDS/MPN) 152
 AML Not Otherwise Categorized 153
 Acute Leukemias of Ambiguous Lineage 161
9. Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma,
Mature T- and B-cell Leukemias ............................................ 167
 Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma (ALL) 168
 Mature B-cell Leukemia 175
 Mature T-cell Leukemia and Natural Killer Cell-Large
Granular Lymphocyte Leukemia (NK-LGLL) 185
10. Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas, Plasma Cell Neoplasms and
Histiocytic/Dendritic Cell Neoplasms ...................................... 191
 Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas 192
 Plasma Cell Neoplasms 235
 Histocytic and Dendritic Cell Neoplasms 247
11. Hodgkin Lymphoma .................................................................. 255
12. Lymphoproliferative Disorders Associated with
Immunodeficiency and Post-transplantations........................ 269
 Primary Immune Disorders Associated with
Lymphoproliferative Disorders 270
 Disorders Associated with Acquired Immunodeficiency 271
 Post-transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorders 271
13. Flow Cytometry .......................................................................... 275
 Principles of Flow Cytometry and its Applications 276
14. Molecular Pathology .................................................................. 301
 Basic Concept and Terminology 302
 Methods in Molecular Pathology 311
 Genetic Abnormalities and Molecular Basis of Diseases 314
Questions and Answers ........................................................................ 321
Appendix ................................................................................................ 399
Index ...................................................................................................... 407