Part I: The Basics

Chapter 1. Hearing Basics

• Abstract
• 1.1 Hearing Sensitivity in the Animal Kingdom
• 1.2 The Mammalian Middle Ear
• 1.3 The Mammalian Inner Ear
• 1.4 The Auditory Nerve
• 1.5 Ribbon Synapses
• 1.6 The Central Afferent System
• 1.7 The Efferent System
• 1.8 Sound Localization
• 1.9 Summary
• References

Chapter 2. Brain Plasticity and Perceptual Learning

• Abstract
• 2.1 The External Environment
• 2.2 Learning Paradigms
• 2.3 Perceptual Learning
• 2.4 Auditory Training
• 2.5 AV Training
• 2.6 Music Training
• 2.7 Training by Playing Action Video Games
• 2.8 Summary
• References

Chapter 3. Multisensory Processing

• Abstract
• 3.1 Multimodal Auditory Cortical Areas
• 3.2 AV Interaction in Humans
• 3.3 Auditory-Somatosensory Interaction
• 3.4 Summary
• References

Part II: The Problem

Chapter 4. Hearing Problems

• Abstract
• 4.1 The Various Consequences of Noise Exposure
• 4.2 Sound Localization Problems
• 4.3 The Cocktail Party, Where Identification and Localization Come Together
• 4.4 Other Consequences of Hearing Loss
• 4.5 Neurological Disorders with Hearing Problems
• 4.6 Hearing Disorders Without Hearing Sensitivity Loss
• 4.7 Nonauditory Effects of Hearing Loss
• 4.8 Summary
• References

Chapter 5. Types of Hearing Loss

• Abstract
• 5.1 Site of Lesion Testing
• 5.2 Conductive Hearing Loss
• 5.3 Use of Tympanometry in Detecting Conductive Hearing Loss
• 5.4 Sensorineural Hearing Loss
• 5.5 Loudness Recruitment
• 5.6 Auditory Neuropathy
• 5.7 Vestibular Schwannoma
• 5.8 Ménière’s Disease
• 5.9 Age-Related Hearing Impairment (Presbycusis)
• 5.10 Summary
• References

Part III: The Causes

Chapter 6. Causes of Acquired Hearing Loss

• Abstract
• 6.1 Occupational Noise Exposure in General
• 6.2 Recreational Noise and Music
• 6.3 Animal Research into Effects of Noise Exposure on the Brain
• 6.4 Ototoxicity
• 6.5 Long-Term Effects of Conductive Hearing Loss in Infancy
• 6.6 Vestibular Schwannoma
• 6.7 Ménière’s Disease
• 6.8 Diabetes
• 6.9 Summary
• References

Chapter 7. Epidemiology and Genetics of Hearing Loss and Tinnitus

• Abstract
• 7.1 Epidemiology of Sensorineural Hearing Loss
• 7.2 Epidemiology of Age-Related Hearing Loss
• 7.3 Epidemiology of Tinnitus
• 7.4 Epidemiology of Smoking and Alcohol Consumption
• 7.5 Epidemiology of Diabetes
• 7.6 Epidemiology of Otitis Media
• 7.7 Epidemiology of Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder
• 7.8 Genetics of Sensorineural Hearing Loss
• 7.9 Genetics of Otosclerosis
• 7.10 Genetics of Auditory Neuropathy
• 7.11 Gene Networks
• 7.12 Hereditary Versus Acquired Hearing Loss
• 7.13 Summary
• References

Chapter 8. Early Diagnosis and Prevention of Hearing Loss

• Abstract
• 8.1 Normal Human Auditory Development
• 8.2 Effects of Early Hearing Loss on Speech Production
• 8.3 Early Detection
• 8.4 Noise Exposure During Adolescence and Young Adulthood
• 8.5 Physical Hearing Protection
• 8.6 Education
• 8.7 Drug Protection Against Noise-Induced Hearing Loss
• 8.8 Summary
• References

Part IV: The Treatments

Chapter 9. Hearing Aids

• Abstract
• 9.1 Effects of Hearing Loss
• 9.2 Acclimatization and Plasticity
• 9.3 Satisfaction and Quality of Life
• 9.4 Types of Hearing Aids
• 9.5 Processing
• 9.6 High-Frequency Hearing Loss, Loudness Recruitment, and Reduced SNR
• 9.7 Hearing Aids and Music Perception
• 9.8 Hearing Aids and Tinnitus
• 9.9 Summary
• References

Chapter 10. Implantable Hearing Aids

• Abstract
• 10.1 Bone Conduction Mechanisms
• 10.2 Bone-Anchored Hearing Aids
• 10.3 Implantable Active Middle Ear Devices
• 10.4 Summary
• References

Chapter 11. Cochlear Implants

• Abstract
• 11.1 Basics of Cochlear Implants
• 11.2 A Little History
• 11.3 Sound Processing Strategies
• 11.4 Temporal Processing With a Cochlear Implant
• 11.5 Effects of Age on Implantation
• 11.6 Cochlear Implants and Music Perception
• 11.7 One-Sided or Bilateral Implantation?
• 11.8 Cochlear Implantation and Tinnitus
• 11.9 Modeling Studies
• 11.10 Summary
• References

Part V: The Future

Chapter 12. Auditory Brainstem and Midbrain Implants

• Abstract
• 12.1 Auditory Brainstem Implants
• 12.2 Auditory Midbrain Implants
• 12.3 Summary
• References

Chapter 13. Repairing and Building New Ears

• Abstract
• 13.1 Gene Therapy for Hereditary Hearing Loss
• 13.2 Regenerating Hair Cells
• 13.3 Birds Can Do It
• 13.4 Trials in Mammals
• 13.5 Outlook
• References

Appendix A. Electrocochleography From the Promontory and via a Cochlear Implant

• A.1 Introduction
• A.2 Methods
• A.3 Receptor Potentials
• A.4 The Compound Action Potential
• A.5 Comparing the CAP and the eCAP
• References