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Fluid, Electrolyte and Acid-Base Disorders: Clinical Evaluation & Management is a clear and concise presentation of the fundamentals of fluid, electrolyte and acid-base disorders frequently encountered in clinical practice.
Each chapter begins with pertinent basic physiology followed by its clinical disorder. Cases for each fluid, electrolyte and acid-base disorder are discussed with answers. In addition, board-type questions with explanations are provided for each clinical disorder to increase the knowledge for the clinician.
Practical and clinically oriented, this book is a handy reference for practicing physicians, students, residents and fellows.
Content Level » Professional/practitioner
Keywords » Fluid, Elctrolyte, Acid-Base disorders - Metabolic alkalosis, Respiratory acidosis - Renal tubular acidosis - magnesium, Renal acidification, Metabolic acidosis, - plasma osmolality, potassium, calcium, phosphorus
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Contents
1 Body Fluid Compartments......................................................................... 1
2 Interpretation of Urine Electrolytes
and Osmolality............................................................................................ 13
3 Renal Handling of NaCl and Water.......................................................... 21
4 Intravenous Fluids: Composition and Indications.................................. 33
5 Diuretics....................................................................................................... 45
6 Disorders of Extracellular Fluid Volume:
Basic Concepts............................................................................................. 53
7 Disorders of ECF Volume: Congestive Heart Failure............................. 59
8 Disorders of ECF Volume: Cirrhosis of the Liver................................... 69
9 Disorders of ECF Volume: Nephrotic Syndrome..................................... 79
10 Disorders of ECF Volume: Volume Contraction...................................... 85
11 Disorders of Water Balance: Physiology................................................... 91
12 Disorders of Water Balance: Hyponatremia............................................ 101
13 Disorders of Water Balance: Hypernatremia........................................... 133
14 Disorders of Potassium: Physiology.......................................................... 151
15 Disorders of Potassium: Hypokalemia...................................................... 161
viii Contents
16 Disorders of Potassium: Hyperkalemia.................................................... 177
17 Disorders of Calcium: Physiology............................................................. 193
18 Disorders of Calcium: Hypocalcemia........................................................ 201
19 Disorders of Calcium: Hypercalcemia...................................................... 215
20 Disorders of Phosphate: Physiology.......................................................... 233
21 Disorders of Phosphate: Hypophosphatemia........................................... 239
22 Disorders of Phosphate: Hyperphosphatemia......................................... 253
23 Disorders of Magnesium: Physiology........................................................ 265
24 Disorders of Magnesium: Hypomagnesemia............................................ 271
25 Disorders of Magnesium: Hypermagnesemia.......................................... 285
26 Acid–Base Physiology................................................................................. 289
27 Evaluation of an Acid–Base Disorder....................................................... 301
28 High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis......................................................... 319
29 Hyperchloremic Metabolic Acidosis: Renal Tubular Acidosis................ 347
30 Hyperchloremic Metabolic Acidosis: Nonrenal Causes .......................... 371
31 Metabolic Alkalosis..................................................................................... 383
32 Respiratory Acidosis................................................................................... 407
33 Respiratory Alkalosis.................................................................................. 421
34 Mixed Acid–Base Disorders....................................................................... 429
Index................................................................................................................... 443
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