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The polysomnogram is a formidable sleep medicine tool, typically incorporating multiple channels of physiologic data including EEG, ECG, EMG, respiratory flow and effort, ventilation via CO2 monitoring, oxygen saturation via pulse oximetry and ventilatory treatment modalities. Aspiring experts must constantly ask themselves questions regarding PSG interpretation such as: Am I confident in using all of these modalities? Can I accurately and consistently distinguish a seizure from a movement disorder; a servo ventilator signal from an auto-titrating continuous positive airway pressure signal; an episode of Cheyne–Stokes breathing from an episode of obstructive sleep apnea? The authors take you into their own sleep laboratories and deliver real-life cases for you to interpret with them. Such expertise is vitally useful for house staff and fellows learning sleep medicine, those seeking Board certification, technologists who score PSGs and seasoned sleep clinicians managing patients with sleep-related health disorders. The print edition includes a CD-ROM featuring all images.
Preface
List of abbreviations
1. A 74-year-old man with severe ischemic cardiomyopathy and atrial fibrillation Robert C. Basner and Ravi K. Persaud
2. A 65-year-old man with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Robert C. Basner and Ravi K. Persaud
3. An 80-year-old man with severe heart failure and witnessed apnea awake and during sleep Robert C. Basner and Ravi K. Persaud
4. A 33-year-old man with a history of interstitial pulmonary fibrosis and obesity Robert C. Basner and Ravi K. Persaud
5. A 52-year-old man being treated for sleep-related hypoventilation Robert C. Basner and Ravi K. Persaud
6. An 81-year-old obese woman with a history of snoring Robert C. Basner and Ravi K. Persaud
7. A 33-year-old obese man with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and snoring Robert C. Basner and Ravi K. Persaud
8. A 57-year-old woman with moderate obstructive sleep apnea Robert C. Basner and Ravi K. Persaud
9. A 57-year-old woman with potential obstructive sleep apnea Robert C. Basner and Ravi K. Persaud
10. An 80-year-old man with heart failure and previously documented Cheyne–Stokes breathing Robert C. Basner and Ravi K. Persaud
11. A 46-year-old obese man with loud snoring, witnessed apnea, and daytime sleepiness Robert C. Basner and Ravi K. Persaud
12. A 60-year-old woman with severe obstructive sleep apnea Robert C. Basner and Ravi K. Persaud
13. A 52-year-old man with valvular cardiomyopathy Robert C. Basner and Ravi K. Persaud
14. An otherwise healthy 40-year-old man with potential obstructive sleep apnea Robert C. Basner and Ravi K. Persaud
15. A 32-year-old man with observed severe snoring, and leg shaking during sleep Carl Bazil
16. A 20-year-old woman with extreme sleepiness who reports hypnic hallucinations, sleep paralysis, and sudden loss of muscle tone when startled Carl Bazil
17. A 67-year-old man with chronic sleep-onset problems and maintenance insomnia, as well as episodes of talking and walking in his sleep Carl Bazil
18. A 77-year-old woman with sudden episodes of loss of consciousness Carl Bazil
19. A 32-year-old woman with frequent nocturnal episodes of sudden arousal and short chaotic movements Carl Bazil
20. A 70-year-old woman with a history of hypertension and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation Sean M. Caples
21. A 74-year-old man with known cardiac disease, with an automated implantable cardioverter–defibrillator Sean M. Caples
22. A 60-year-old man with known coronary artery disease Sean M. Caples
23. A 38-year-old man with 'restlessness' at night prior to sleep onset Kelly A. Carden
24. A 50-year-old previously healthy man with obstructive sleep apnea and a recent history of palpitations Kelly A. Carden
25. A 53-year-old man with a history of loud snoring and daytime sleepiness Kelly A. Carden
26. A 27-year-old man with a 10-year history of insomnia Kelly A. Carden
27. A patient's sleeping habits shown in an actigraph Kelly A. Carden
28. A patient with a possible sleep-related breathing disorder Christopher Cielo and Lee J. Brooks
29. A 4-month-old boy with a history of prematurity and gastroesophageal reflux and observed pauses in breathing during sleep Christopher Cielo and Lee J. Brooks
30. A 7-day-old female with Pierre–Robin sequence and micrognathia Christopher Cielo and Carole L. Marcus
31. A 3-year-old girl with a history of static encephalopathy and severe obstructive sleep apnea Christopher Cielo and Carole L. Marcus
32. A 60-year-old obese patient with chronic obstructive lung disease and severe obstructive sleep apnea David G. Davila, Patti Reed and B. Marshall
33. A 24-year-old woman with a history of anxiety, asthma, and daytime sleepiness Katherine A. Dudley and Jean K. Matheson
34. A 43-year-old Chinese man with a history of obesity, difficult-to-control hypertension, and proteinuria has daytime sleepiness and snoring Katherine A. Dudley and Robert Thomas
35. A 57-y
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