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LIBRERIA STUDIUM
Libreria medica internazionale
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LIBRERIA STUDIUM
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Atlas of Postsurgical Neuroradiology
Imaging of the Brain, Spine, Head, and Neck
Ginat, Westesson
Editore
Springer
Anno
2012
Pagine
655
ISBN
9783642158278
156,00 €
I prezzi indicati possono subire variazioni poiché soggetti all'oscillazione dei cambi delle valute e/o agli aggiornamenti effettuati dagli Editori.
  • Covers the normal appearances and complications that may be encountered on neuroradiological examinations following surgery to the head, neck, and spine
  • Contains numerous images and to-the-point case descriptions
  • Serves as an invaluable and convenient resource for both neuroradiologists and neurosurgeons

The number of surgical procedures performed on the brain, head, neck, and spine has increased markedly in recent decades. As a result, postoperative changes are being encountered more frequently on neuroradiological examinations and constitute an important part of the workflow. However, the imaging correlates of postsurgical changes can be unfamiliar to neuroradiologists and neurosurgeons and are sometimes difficult to interpret.

This book is written by experts in the field and contains an abundance of high-quality images and concise descriptions, which should serve as a useful guide to postsurgical neuroradiology. It will familiarize the reader with the various types of surgical procedure, implanted hardware, and complications. Indeed, this work represents the first text dedicated to the realm of postoperative neuroimaging. Topics reviewed include imaging after facial cosmetic surgery; orbital and oculoplastic surgery; sinus surgery; scalp and cranial surgery; brain tumor treatment; psychosurgery, neurodegenerative surgery, and epilepsy surgery; skull base surgery including transsphenoidal pituitary resection; temporal bone surgery including various ossicular prostheses; orthognathic surgery; surgery of the neck including the types of dissection and flap reconstruction; CSF diversion procedures and devices; spine surgery; and vascular and endovascular neurosurgery.

 

Contents
1 Imaging of Facial Cosmetic Surgery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.1 Overview of Facial Cosmetic Materials
and Their Imaging Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 Forehead Augmentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.3 Cheek and Nasolabial Fold Augmentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1.4 Rhinoplasty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
1.5 Lip Augmentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
1.6 Chin and Jaw Augmentation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Further Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
2 Imaging the Postoperative Orbit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
2.1 Eyelid Weights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
2.2 Palpebral Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
2.3 Blepharoplasty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
2.4 Orbital Wall Reconstruction and Augmentation . . . . . . . . 36
2.5 Orbital Decompression for Dysthyroid
Orbitopathy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
2.6 Dacryocystorhinostomy and Nasolacrimal
Duct Stents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
2.7 Strabismus Surgery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
2.8 Glaucoma Surgery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
2.9 Scleral Buckles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
2.10 Keratoprostheses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
2.11 Intraocular Lens Implants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
2.12 Lensectomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
2.13 Pneumatic Retinopexy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
2.14 Intraocular Silicone Injection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
2.15 Enucleation, Evisceration, and Globe Prostheses . . . . . . . . 63
2.16 Orbital Tissue Expanders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
2.17 Orbital Exenteration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Further Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
3 Imaging the Paranasal Sinuses and Nasal Cavity
After Surgery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
3.1 Nasal Fracture Reconstruction
(Posttraumatic Rhinoplasty) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
3.2 Septoplasty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
xiv Contents
3.3 Inferior Turbinate Outfracture
and Radiofrequency Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
3.4 Caldwell-Luc Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
3.5 External Ethmoidectomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
3.6 Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
3.7 FESS Complications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
3.8 Osteoplastic Flap with Frontal Sinus Obliteration . . . . . . . 98
3.9 Frontal Sinus Cranialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
3.10 Paranasal Sinus Stents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
3.11 Frontal Sinus Trephination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
3.12 Decompression, Enucleation, and Ostectomy . . . . . . . . . . 105
3.13 Maxillectomy and Palatectomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
3.14 Maxillary Swing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
3.15 LeFort I Osteotomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Further Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
4 Imaging the Postoperative Scalp and Cranium . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
4.1 Occipital Nerve Stimulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
4.2 Tissue Expander . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
4.3 Temporal Fossa Implant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
4.4 Mohs Micrographic Surgery and Skin Grafting . . . . . . . . . 125
4.5 Rotational Galeal Flap Scalp Reconstruction . . . . . . . . . . . 126
4.6 Free Flap Reconstruction of Complex
Scalp Defects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
4.7 Scalp Tumor Recurrence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
4.8 Fiducial Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
4.9 Absorbable Hemostatic Agents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
4.10 Duraplasty and Sealant Agents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
4.11 Burr Holes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
4.12 Intracranial Pressure Monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
4.13 Craniotomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
4.14 Cranioplasty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
4.15 Autocranioplasty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
4.16 Craniectomy and the Meningogaleal Complex . . . . . . . . . 148
4.17 Tension Pneumocephalus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
4.18 Entered Frontal Sinus, Entered Orbit,
and Air Leak . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
4.19 Postoperative Hemorrhage and Hematomas . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
4.20 Postoperative Hygromas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
4.21 Pseudomeningoceles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
4.22 Bone Flap Resorption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
4.23 Postoperative Infection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
4.24 External Brain Tamponade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
4.25 Sunken Skin Flap Syndrome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
4.26 External Brain Herniation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
4.27 Cranial Vault Reconstruction for Craniosynostosis . . . . . . 162
Contents xv
4.28 Encephalocele Repair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
Further Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
5 Imaging the Postoperative Brain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
5.1 Brain Tumors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
5.2 Neurodegenerative, Neuropsychiatric,
and Epilepsy Surgery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
Further Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
6 Imaging of the Postoperative Skull Base
and Cerebellopontine Angle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
6.1 Anterior Craniofacial Resection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
6.2 Decompression of Cystic Sellar/Suprasellar Lesions . . . . . 250
6.3 Transsphenoidal Resection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252
6.4 Transsphenoidal Resection Complications . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258
6.5 Middle Cranial Fossa Reconstruction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
6.6 Middle Cranial Fossa Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269
6.7 Translabyrinthine Resection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 270
6.8 Retrosigmoid Craniotomy Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276
6.9 Auditory Brainstem Stimulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283
6.10 Stereotactic “Gamma Knife” Radiosurgery . . . . . . . . . . . . 284
Further Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285
7 Imaging of the Postoperative Ear and Temporal Bone . . . . . . 287
7.1 Bone-Anchored Hearing Aid (BAHA) Device . . . . . . . . . . 287
7.2 Auriculectomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288
7.3 Auricular Reconstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290
7.4 Canalplasty and Meatoplasty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291
7.5 Atresiaplasty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292
7.6 Myringotomy and Tympanostomy Tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293
7.7 Myringoplasty and Tympanoplasty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295
7.8 Incus Interposition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300
7.9 Partial Ossicular Reconstruction Prosthesis (PORP),
Total Ossicular Reconstruction Prosthesis (TORP),
and Vibrating Ossicular Prosthesis (VORP) . . . . . . . . . . . . 301
7.10 Stapedectomy, Stapedotomy,
and Stapes Prosthesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 304
7.11 Ossicular Prosthesis Complications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307
7.12 Transcanal Atticotomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311
7.13 Eustachian Tube Occlusion Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312
7.14 Mastoidectomy and Mastoid Obliteration . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314
7.15 Mastoidectomy Complications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316
7.16 Lateral Temporal Bone Resection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 324
7.17 Cochlear Implants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328
7.18 Cochlear Implant Complications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329
7.19 Repair of Perilymphatic Fistula . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332
7.20 Endolymphatic Sac Decompression and Shunting . . . . . . . 333
xvi Contents
7.21 Labyrinthectomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333
7.22 Vestibular Nerve Sectioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334
7.23 Superior Semicircular Canal Dehiscence Repair . . . . . . . . 335
7.24 Tube Drainage of Cholesterol Cysts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 336
Further Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337
8 Imaging of Mandible and Temporomandibular
Joint Surgery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341
8.1 Vertical Ramus Osteotomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341
8.2 Sagittal Split Osteotomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 342
8.3 Genioplasty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343
8.4 Mandibular Angle Augmentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345
8.5 Mandibular Distraction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346
8.6 Fixation of Mandible Fractures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349
8.7 Mandibulotomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351
8.8 Excision and Enucleation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351
8.9 Cyst Decompression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353
8.10 Coronoidectomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354
8.11 Mandibulectomy and Mandibular Reconstruction . . . . . . . 355
8.12 Eminectomy and Meniscal Plication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360
8.13 Temporomandibular Joint Discectomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361
8.14 Temporomandibular Joint Costochondral
Graft Reconstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 362
8.15 Temporomandibular Joint Disc
Replacement Implants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363
8.16 Temporomandibular Joint Hemiarthroplasty . . . . . . . . . . . 364
8.17 Temporomandibular Total Joint Arthroplasty . . . . . . . . . . 365
8.18 Temporomandibular Joint Disc Implant
and Prosthesis Failure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368
Further Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 370
9 Imaging the Postoperative Neck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 373
9.1 Reconstruction Flaps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 373
9.2 Parotidectomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 377
9.3 Salivary Duct Stenting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 382
9.4 Facial Reanimation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 382
9.5 Lip Reconstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385
9.6 Glossectomy and Floor of Mouth Reconstruction . . . . . . . 386
9.7 Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 390
9.8 Neck Dissection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394
9.9 Laryngectomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400
9.10 Tracheoesophageal Puncture
and Voice Prostheses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 408
9.11 Montgomery T-Tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 410
9.12 Salivary Bypass Stent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 411
9.13 Laryngeal Stents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 411
9.14 Laryngoplasty and Vocal Fold Injection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413
9.15 Arytenoidectomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 419
9.16 Laryngeal Framework Reconstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 420
Contents xvii
9.17 Thyroidectomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 421
9.18 Neck Exploration and Parathyroidectomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . 425
9.19 Sistrunk Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427
9.20 Brachytherapy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 429
9.21 Vagal Nerve Stimulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 430
Further Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 431
10 Imaging of Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts, Drains,
and Diversion Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435
10.1 Types of Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435
10.2 Complications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 459
Further Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 478
11 Imaging of Postoperative Spine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 483
11.1 Spine Decompression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 484
11.2 Spine Stabilization and Fusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 497
11.3 Dynamic Stabilization and Miscellaneous
Devices of the Spine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 526
11.4 Failed Back Surgery Syndrome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 541
11.5 Percutaneous Spine Treatments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 566
Further Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 575
12 Imaging of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery . . . . . . . . . . . 585
12.1 Vascular Surgery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 585
12.2 Endovascular Surgery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 607
Further Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 635
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 641

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