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Anesthesiology Keywords Review, Second Edition
The Second Edition of this handy review is formatted for ease of use. Over 300 detailed entries include key points, a discussion, and suggested readings for each keyword. Broad-based coverage addresses all areas of anesthesiology, including pediatrics. New key words have been added to this edition, and questions and answers at the end of each keyword presentation test and reinforce readers’ knowledge. A companion website includes fully searchable text.
ABG in Pregnancy
ABG Temperature Correction: PCO2
ABG: COPD
ABG: Morbid Obesity and Vomiting
ABG: Opioid Effect
ABG: Pulm Embolism
ABG: Salicylate Toxicity
ABGs: Resp Avid/Met Alk
Acetaminophen Toxicity
Acute Heart Failure: Management
Acute Hyperkalemia: Rx
Acute Septic Shock
Addiction: Definition
Addison Disease: Periop Rx
Advanced Multiple Sclerosis: Anesthetic Drugs
Age-related P50
Aging: Cardiovasc Physiol and LV Function
Aging: Pulm Physiol
Air Trapping: Ventilator Mgmt
Airway Anesthesia: Anatomy
Airway Assessment: Coexist Disease
Amiodarone: Hemodynamic Effect
Amniotic Fluid Embolus: Dx
Anaphylaxis: Epinephrine Rx
Anes Management: Penetrating Eye Injury
Anes Techniques: First Stage Labor
Anes Techniques: Suspected MH
Anes Uptake: Right-to-left Shunt
Anes Uptake: Solubility Coeff
Anesthesia for ECT: Lidocaine Effect
Anesthesiologists: Substance Abuse and Fentanyl
Aortic Cross-clamp: CV Complications
Aortic Insufficiency: Hemodynamic Rx
Arterial Waveform: Periph Versus Central
ASA Sedation Guidelines
Asthma: Postpartum Hemorrhage Rx
Atlantoaxial Instability: Causes
Atrial Flutter: Pharm Rx
Automated vs. Paper Anesthesia Records
Autonomic Hyperreflexia: Signs and Paraplegia
Autonomic Innervation: Upper Extremity
Autonomic Neurotransmitters
AV Pacing: Hemodynamic Effect
Axillary Block: Complications
Axillary Block: Limitations and Median Nerve Rescue Block
Beta Thalassemia: Newborn
Bilat Carotid Endart: Physiology
Blood-Brain Barrier: Fluid Transfer
Botox: Pain Relief Mechanism
Bowel Distention
Brachial Artery Catheter: Cx
Bradycardia: Carotid Surgery and Carotid Stent
Brain Death Pathophysiology
Bronchial Blocker: Advantages
Bronchopleural Fistula: Vent Mgmt
Bronchospasm Triggers: ETT
Bronchospasm: Mechanical Ventilation Dx
Bupivacaine Toxicity: Rx
Calcium Chelation: Transfusion
Calculation: Pulmonary vs. Systemic Vascular Resistance
Carbamazepine Toxicity, Key Point
Carcinoid Crisis: Rx
Cardiac Arrest: Induced Hypothermia
Cardiac Cycle: ECG
Cardiac Morbidity: Pre-op Factors
Cardiac Pacemaker Indications
Cardiac Tamponade: Pulsus Paradoxus
Cardiopulmonary Bypass Management
Carotid Body: Hypoxic Drive
Carotid Endarterectomy: CNS Monitoring
Carotid Sinus Stim: Post-Heart Transplant
Carotid Stent: Bradycardia Cause
Categorical Data: Chi-square
Caudal Anesthesia
Celiac Plexus Block: Side Effects and Complications
Central Line Infections: Prevention
Cerebral Aneurysm Clipping: Anesthetic Management
Cerebral Blood Flow: Temp Effect
Cerebral Ischemia: Deep Hypothermia
Cerebral Vasospasm: Rx
Cervical Cerclage: Anes Mgmt
Cervical Fracture: Intubation Techniques
Chloroprocaine Placental Transfer
Chloroprocaine: Onset and Metabolism
Chronic Opioids: Side Effects
Circ Arrest: pH-Stat Implications
Cirrhosis: NMB Pharmacokinetics
Closed Claims: Brain Damage
Clostridium tetani Infection
CO2 Absorbers: Volatile Anesthetics Toxicity
Compensated Respiratory Acidosis: ABG
Congenital Heart Disease: Prostaglandin Rx
Congenital Long QT: Management
Constrictive Pericarditis: Venous Waveform
Coronary Artery: Anatomy
Coronary Perfusion Pressure: Definition and L vs. R
CRPS I: Early Sx and Diagnosis
CRPS: Ds Nerve blk
Cryopercipitate: Fibrinogen Content
Denervated Heart: Exercise Physiology
Desmopressin for Von Willebrand
Diabetes Insipidus Intracranial Surg
Doxorubicin: Complications
Dural Sac: Caudal Extent
ECG Leads: P-Wave Detection
ECG: Loose Lead Effect
ECT: Side Effects
Electrolyte Homeostasis: Hormones
Elevated INR: Factor Rx
Epidural Anesthetics: Respiratory Effects
Epidural Test Dose: Symptom
Epiglottitis: Anes Mgt and Inhal Induction
Ethics: Speaker Disclosure
Evoked Potentials and SSEP Latency: Anesthetic Effects
EXIT Procedure: Uterine Atony
Factor VIII Concentrate: Indications
Factors Affecting Turbulent Flow
Fat Embolism: Dx
FB Aspiration: Physical Exam
Femoral Nerve Block Anatomy
Fenoldopam: Renal Effects
Fetal Blood Gas Values
Fetal HR Pattern: Normal Labor
Fetal HR: Maternal Hypotension
Flowmeter: Gas Properties
Fluid Replacement in Pediatrics
FRC: Definition
FRC: Vent Settings Effects
Fresh Frozen Plasma: Indications and Warfarin Reversal
Gas Laws: Temp/pressuer Changes
Glasgow Coma Scale: Definition and Components
H2 Blockers: Onset Time
Haldane Effect
Head Down Position: Hypoxemia
Heart Block: Coronary Occlusion
Heart Transplant: Autonomic Effects and Pharmacology
Helium Advantage: Small-Bore Tube
Hemolysis: Bilirubin Levels
Hepatic Dysfunction: Dx
Hepatitis B: Needlestick Rx
Herbals: Garlic
Hetastarch: Platlet Function
HOCM/IHSS: Hypotension and Rx Treatment
Hormonal Stress Response
Hydrochlorothiazide: Blood Chem Effect
Hyperbaric Chamber: MAC Effect
Hyperbaric Oxygen: Indications
Hypercalcemia: Acute Treatment
Hypercarbia: ALV Gas Equation
Hypercarbia: O2 Release to Tissues
Hyperglycemia: Complications
Hyperglycemia: Preop Rx
Hyperkalemia: Drugs Causing
Hypermagnesemia Rx
Hyperparathyroidism: Signs and Sx
Hyperthyroidism: Signs
Hypocalcemia: ECG Effects
Hypothermia: Infant vs. Toddler
Hypothermia: pH State Management
Hypovolemia Signs: Peds
Hypox During Pneumonectomy: Rx
Hypoxemia: Ventilator Management
IABP: Contraindications
Implantable Cardiac Defibrillator: Interventions
Incompetent Exp Valve: Signs
Increased ICP: Acute Rs
Inhalational Anesthesia: Resp Effects and Ventilatory Effects
Intravascular: Extracellular Volume Ratio
Intubation in Pierre-Robin
Isoflurane: CMRO2 Effect
Ketamine Analgesic Mechanism
Ketamine Receptor Effects
Ketamine: Pharmacodynamics
Ketorolac: Renal Function and Dysfunction
Lambert-Eaton Syndrome: Physiology
Laparoscopy: Increased PaCO2
Laryngospasm Mechanism
Laryngospasm Treatment Options
Laser-safe Endotracheal Tubes
Latex Allergy: Foods
Leukoreduction: Viral Transmission
Lithotomy Position: Nerve Injury
Local Anesthesia: Methemoglobinemia
Local Anesthetic: Trans Neurol Sx
Lumbar Nerve Roots: Innervation
Lung Protect Vent: Pressure Goal
Lung Resection Outcome: PFTs
LV Failure Dx/Rx Post-CPB
Magnesium Complications
Malig Hypertherm: Assoc Disorders
Management: Lumbosacral Radiculopathy
Mannitol Osmolarity Effects
MAO Inhibitor: Meperidine Toxicity
Mapleson D: Rebreathing
Mask CPAP: Physiol Effect
Maternal Mortality Causes
Maximum ABL Calculation
Meconium: Tracheal Suctioning
Mediastinal Tumor: Airway Obstr
Mediastinoscopy: Vascular Compression
Metabolic Alk: Resp Compensation
Metformin: Contrast Dye Interaction
Methadone Treatment Management
Methods: Uterine Relaxation
Metoclopramide: Esoph Sphincter Tone
Metoclopramide: Gastric Effects
Midazolam: Bioavail versus Route
Milrinone: Pharmacology and CV Effects
MOCA Requirements
Monitoring for Residual NMB
Morbid Obesity: Post-op Complications
Morbid Obesity: Rapid Desaturation and Hypoxemia Physiology
MRI Monitoring Hazards
Multiple Sclerosis Exacerbation
Multiple Sclerosis: Exacerbation of Symptoms
Myasthenia Gravis: Postop Management
Myasthenia: Muscle Relaxant Effects
Myocardial Ischemia: Acute MR
Myocardial O2 Consumption: Determinants
Myotonic Dyst: Aspiration Risk
N2O: CBF and CMRO2
Nalbuphine: Plateau Effect Mechanism
Nasal Fiberoptic Intubation
Negative Pressure Pulmonary Edema: Physiology
Neonatal Bradycardia: Rx
Neonatal vs. Adult Cardiac Phys
Nerve AP Termination Mechanism
Nerve Block Landmarks
Neuraxial Anesth: Cardiovascular Effects
Neuraxial Opioids Action Site
Neuromusc Disease: Sux Hyperkalemia
Neuromuscular Block: Vecuronium
Neuromuscular Diseases: Muscle Pain
Nitroglycerin: Uterine Relax
Nitroprusside Toxicity: Dx
NMB Drug Interactions
NMB Reversal: Assessment
NMB: Volatile Agent Interaction
NO Hemodynamic Effect
O2 Release
Obesity: Airway Evaluation
Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Dx
Oculocardiac Reflex Management
Old MI: Preoperative Risk Assessment
Opioid Neurotoxicity: Rx
Opioid Reversal
Oral Clonidine: MAC Effect
Organ Donor: Bradycardia Rx
Organophosphate Poisoning Rx
Oxygen Delivery Index Determinants
Oxygen Delivery to Fetus during Labor
Oxytocin: Electrolyte Effects
Pacemaker Designation
Pacer Lead Placement: ECG Morph
PACU Bypass: Rationale
PACU Stage I Bypass Criteria
Pain Management: Rib Fracture
Paired vs. Unpaired t-test
Parental Presence: Indications
Patent Ductus Arteriosus: Dx
PDP Headache: Risk Factors
Peak vs. Plateau Airway Pressure
PEEP to Treat Hypoxia
PEEP: Effect on PAOP
PEEP: Lung Volume Effect
PEEP: LV Effects
Peripheral Nerves: Sensory versus Motor
Peripheral TPN: Complications
pH Buffering: Bicarbonate
Pheochromocytoma: Dx Markers
Pheochromocytoma: Hypertension Rx
Pheochromocytoma: Pre-op Preparation
Physician Impairment: Referral
Placenta Accreta: Risk Factors
Placental Transfer: Anticholinergic
Placental Transfer: Local Anesthetics
PONV after Pediatric Surgery
PONV Prophylaxis
Post-CPB Creatinine Increase: DDx
Post-op Jaundice: DDx
Postop. Vomiting: Peds vs. Adults
Postoperative AVN: DDx
Preeclampsia: Lab Abnormalities
Pregnancy GE Reflux Mechanism
Pregnancy: Hematologic Changes
Pregnancy: Non-OB Surg Risks
Pregnancy: SVT Rx
Preop Renal Failure Predictors
Preop Testing: Bayes’ Theorem
Preoperative Anxiolysis in Children
Pre-renal Oliguria: Dx
Pressure vs. Volume Vent: ICU
Preterm Labor: Treatment
Propofol Infusion Syndrome: Dx
Prostaglandin for Congenital Heart: Cx
Pyloric Stenosis: Metab Abnormality
Renal Failure: CPB Surgery
Renal Failure: Electrolytes
Renal Failure: Platelet Function
Renal Failure: Relaxants
Renal Function: Periop Preservation
Renal Insufficiency: Dx
Renal Insufficiency: Hyperkalemia
Renal Replacement Rx Selection
Renin-Angiotensin CV Physiology
Rheumatoid Arthritis Complications
Robotic Prostatectomy: Contraindications
Root Cause Anal: Essential Elements
Rx: Antithrombin III Deficiency
Saline: Hyperchloremic Acidosis
SBE Prophylaxis
SE vs. SD calculation
Septic Shock: Vasopressin Rx
Shunt: Effect of Increased FiO2
SIADH: Lab Values
Side Effects of Tocolytics
Sitting Position: BP Measurement
Spinal Anes Complic: MRI Indications
Spinal Anesthesia Spread: Factors
Spinal Cord Stimulation: Reprogramming
Spinal Hypotension Rx
Spinal Stenosis: Dx
Statistical analysis: Power and Sturdy Design
Statistics: Median
Stats: ANOVA indications
Stellate Ganglion Block: Effects
Steroid Prophylaxis Indications
Stroke Volume: A. Fib Effects
Subarachnoid Bleed: ECG Effects
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Nimodipine
Succinylcholine and Bradycarcia
Succinylcholine: Normal K Increase
Superior Laryng N Anatomy
Surgical Stim: Effect on MAC
SVO2 Physiology
Sympathetic Block Indications
Synchronized Electrical Cardioversion
TEF: Other Abnormalities
Tension Pneumocephalus: Dx
Tension Pneumothorax: Dx and Rx
Tetralogy of Fallot Rx
Thiopental: CMRO2/CBF Relationship
Thoracoscopy: Hypoxemia Rx
Thyroidectomy: Hypocalcemia
Time Constant Definition
Total Knee Repl: Reg Anes Techniques
TPN: Metabolic Effects
TRALI: Treatment
Transdermal Fentanyl Indications
Transfusion Mortality: Causes
Traumatic Brain Injury: CPP
Trigeminal Neuralgia: Rx
Trigger Point Injection Indications
Tumescent Liposuction Complications
Tumescent Liposuction: Lidocaine Dose
TURP Syndrome: Rx
Ultrasound Structures: Echogenicity
Ultrasound Visualization: IJ Compression
Uncuffed ETT: Max Leak Pressure
Unilateral Blindness: Etiology
Upper Extremity Nerve Blocks: Indications
Upper Extremity Tourniquet Paint Prevention
Uptake of Inhaled Anesthetics: V/Q Mismatch
Uterine Rupture: Dx
V/Q Mismatch – Emphysema
Vaporizer Output Calculation
Vasodilators: Pharamacodynamics and Renal Blood Fllow
Vasopressin Rx: Diabetes Insipidus
Vasopressors: Risk of Myocardial Ischemia
VE/PaCO2 Relationship: Hypoxia
Venous Air Embolism: Diagnosis
Ventilator Disconnect: Detection
Ventilator: Low Tidal Volume and Protect Effects
Ventricular PV Loops
VF: Epinephrine Mechanism
Wall 02 Failure: Signs
WHO Analgesic Ladder
Work of Breathing: Neonate vs. Adult
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